In this paper, two AI mitigation strategies are examined, quarantine and vaccination. Meanwhile, associated welfare changes are evaluated by using FASOM. Results found that changes of total national welfare of U.S are insignificant with or without vaccination. Once comes to livestock producers,...

Consumers’ consumption patterns could be affected by food safety information, however, it is more important to consider where the food safety issue occurs. If the food safety issue happens in other countries, in other words, it outbreaks out of the target market, negative information may be...