In the empirical literature on minimum wage enforcement, the standard approach is to measure the number of violations, not their depth. In this paper we present a family of violation indices which, by analogy with poverty indices, can emphasize the depth of violation to different degrees. The...

This paper investigates the determinants of non-compliance or violation of minimum wage legislation in South Africa, a country where violation is high, at just under 50 percent. The number of labour inspectors per capita is used as a proxy for enforcement, whilst non-compliance is measured using...

Each state's agricultural production diversification is measured for 1984 and 1988. Very little difference existed between the type of index used or the year computed. Linear regressions of the coefficient of variation of receipts on diversification measures implies diversification among states...

Individual farm financial data are collected in about two dozen states by colleges of agriculture, farm record associations and state vocational-technical school programs. A wide variety of methods are used by the various systems to calculate measures of profitability, making it difficult to...