The challenges associated with (back-) migration of people to rural communities in the 1990s are examined. It is argued that reducing the "brain drain" from rural areas through the creation of job opportunities for college-educated individuals, is central to an effective rural(community)...

In this paper, we develop four paradigms of rural poverty. These paradigms were designed to help explain how different factors interact and result in significant numbers of rural poor­, poverty that persists even though the national economy has experienced sustained economic growth for over six...