Between 2004/2005 and 2009/2010 there was a sharp fall in female labor force participation (LFP) in rural India. Why … did this occur? We look at the four standard explanations: that more women in rural areas are now pursuing higher … amplifying their effects. Our findings suggest that the decline in rural women’s LFP could potentially be due to an income effect …

Terrorism and crime, particularly organised crime with its close links to terrorism, currently constitute the greatest … culminated in the ousting of regimes. Terrorism and organised crime are, to varying extents, prevalent in all Maghreb states and …, as yet their use has sufficed to contain the threats posed by terrorism and crime. …

The Costa Rican talk of crime is fundamentally based on the assumption that crime rates have increased significantly in … recent years and that there is today a vast and alarming amount of crime. On the basis of this assumption, fear of crime, the … call for the “iron fist,” and drastic law enforcement actions are continually increasing. While crime statistics are the …

Crime, violence, and insecurity are perceived as society’s biggest problems in contemporary Costa Rica. This degree of … the fundamental basis for the current talk of crime: the civil war, the abolition of the military, the proclamation of …

The Costa Rican talk of crime is fundamentally based on the assumption that a formerly explicitly nonviolent nation has … been transformed into a battleground for social violence — that is, on the belief that an alarming “crime wave” is … occurring today while there was no crime at all in the past. On the basis of this assumption, the fear of crime and the call for …

Crime, violence, and insecurity are among the most important social topics in contemporary Costa Rica. These three … changed for the worse and that society is now threatened permanently. However, crime statistics do not support this perception …. The paper thus asks why violence and crime generate such huge fear in society. The thesis is that the Costa Rican national …

Central America has the reputation of being a violent region with high crime rates, youth gangs, drug traffic, and … and crime. On the basis of essays written by secondary school students and interviews with citizens from all walks of life … in the three countries, the paper points out how elite arguments on violence and crime are translated into everyday life …