Os financiamentos chineses em energias renováveis na América Latina e os desafios das mudanças climáticas

The aim of this article is connecting and systematizing the elements that make up the consolidation of China as a world leader in energy transition, an active and engaged participant in multilateral climate negotiations and an international source of funding to green projects with low environmental impact and low carbon technologies. The concept of Anthropocene, which designates human action as the main component behind the intensification of climate change in recent decades, is key to the analysis. Furthermore, we identify in the ecological civilization view - or political paradigm -, the source of the strategic orientation gradually incorporated by China into the guidelines for the decarbonization of the domestic economy and for the global performance of the country's companies and financial institutions. We verify the practical repercussions of these directives aimed at raising the socio-environmental standards of Chinese investments and financing abroad. There are signs of decarbonization in power generation projects funded by Chinese entities, materialized by the recent - and projected - increase in generation units from clean sources and a decline in coal projects. However, uncertainties and relevant challenges remain, particularly in respect to the future performance of the policy banks and their carbon-intensive portfolios. In Latin America, despite the recent decline in Chinese FDI and construction of large-scale hydroelectric projects, we identify a greater interest in wind and solar energy ventures.